Operational difference Essay Example for Free

Operational difference Essay Both McDonalds Corporations and Burger King Corporation operate in the highly competitive and growing fast food industry. In a fierce battle to capture market share both companies operate in an environment of tight controls and clearly defined operations strategies. While McDonalds has opted to offer a standardized product to its customers, Burger King has attempted to capture market share by offering its customers the flexibility to customize. The advertising slogans, Have It Your Way by Burger King vs We Do It All For You by McDonalds explains the difference in production methods. Therefore, the operational strategy has direct implications on the process flow, the output, the human resource management and the bottom line of each company. McDonalds uses a batch process to cook hamburgers (Exhibit A). Using a batch process means that the speed of delivery is dependent upon the speed and experience of the individual worker. Hamburgers are cooked on a large platen, in batches of up to twelve. Two or more batches may be on the platen at one time, in various stages of cooking. This means that a worker is required to manage the grill exclusively during rush hours. The hamburgers are hand-seared after 20 seconds on the grill, turned at 60 seconds, and pulled at 100 seconds. While the hamburgers are cooking, buns are toasted (55 seconds) the crown of the bun is dressed and condiments are added. When the hamburgers come off the grill, workers complete the hamburger as per the pre-defined guidelines, wrap and shelve them in the bin. If there are two batches going in different stages of cooking, speed is essential to keep the production moving For years, McDonald’s and Burger King (BK) have been the world’s two largest and most successful fast food chains. Both have battled out all these years over their operational differences which form the core of their corporate culture. The â€Å"Doing It All For You† (McDonald’s) vs. â€Å"Having It Your Way† (BK’s) stems from their respective production methods. McDonald’s â€Å"Made to Stock† vs. BK’s â€Å"Made to Order† also originate from the differences in their respective processes. Exhibits 1 and 2 show the Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) of McDonald’s and BK respectively. Exhibit 3 provides a detailed comparative analysis of the PFDs of these two fast food chains. The main operational difference between McDonald’s and BK is that McDonald’s cooks their hamburgers on grills using a â€Å"batch process† (a batch of upto 12 patties/grill) with human intervention to turn, sear, and pull. BK uses the machine based – Continuous Chain Broiler assembly process (8 burgers/meat chain) for the production of their burgers – similar to an assembly line in a manufacturing process thus, requiring no human intervention. For a â€Å"made to stock† process, it requires burgers in bulk and hence the batch process in McDonald’s. Whereas, for a â€Å"made to order† process, it requires an assembly chain process where meat patties are placed at one end and after 80 seconds they come out the other end, cooked – one by one. Also, since BK harps on â€Å"make to order† process, it requires a semi-finished inventory – Steam Table in which mated buns and patties sit for 10 minutes and then discarded. In McDonald’s â€Å"continuous process† there is no such inventory and all the buns and patties are mated during the assembly process following the dressing. It should be noted that mating of the buns and patties before the assembly process in BK is a result of BK’s variety of menu. Whoppers and Burgers both are of different sizes and hence the mating before assembly process. McDonald’s menu† less product more often†.

Technology in Education Essay -- Technological Classroom Computers Ess

Technology in Education In our lives today we expect technology to make a difference, and particularly in furthering our education. We see technologies effects as beneficial. We look for it to change, and improve, what has come before it. Technology is the set of means without which certain kinds of constructive activity would be almost impossible. It supports our efforts to appeal to different learning styles which give us a way to interact with each other and extend the learning experiences. It is a good way to extend the essential skills and knowledge of students. By integrating technology into our educational programs it provides students with additional tools to enhance their learning. Technology allows us to demonstrate teaching strategies and also provide teachers with skills to succeed in the classroom. It changes the structure and the manor in which we learn. Such technologies used in education from the past, present and beyond are the typewriter, computer games, internet, and communication. The relationship between technology and education can be characterized as a process of change and innovation. In the beginning societies depended on oral communication then the written language was developed. Making an alphabet made learning to read and write much easier then in the past. As technologies of written language became prevalent and more people became literate social structures formed. The next big step towards a better education was the industrial revolution. The technology that occurred during the revolution created a need for workers in the newly created factories shifting learning to prepare kids to work in such factories. Technologies such as the typewriter and printing press made it easier to make documents i... ...k/elearning/story/0,10577,1336801,00.html 6. Hinchliffe, Lisa ( 2002) Helping Early Childhood Teacher Education Learn about the Internet ( 2004) www.libraryinstuction.com/early childhood.html-19k 7. New Horizons for Learning (2002, September) http://www.newhorizons.org 8. Christopher Latham Sholes (2005, March) Typewriter http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/story097.htm Books 9. Kerr, Stephen T and Rehage, Kenneth(eds.) (1996) Technology and the future of schooling. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 10. Isenberg, Joan P. (2003) Major trends and issues in early childhood education: Challenges, controversies, and insights. New York: Teachers College Press 11. Monroe, Barbra Jean (2004) Crossing the digital divide race, writing, and technology in the classroom. New York: Teachers College Press.

How Personal Differences and Preference Can Impact Organizational Ethics Essay

1. Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Ethics norms for conduct are that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Also ethics is one of the important things in any kind of organization, and there are values and principles that help individuals distinguish right from wrong. Ethics depend on personality such as every single person has their own personality which based on culture and the way person was raised. Most of the human repeat their parents’ behavior. They watch how their parents act in this or another situation and the same thing they will do in the future. On the other hand, some people refused to respond this behavior and just fallow their own personality. In the broadest sense, ethics refers to the study of moral values, principles, and rules, including the determination of standards of conduct and obligations for individuals and organizations. Although most people acquire their sense of right and wrong during childhood, moral development occurs throughout life and human beings pass through different stages of growth as they mature. Personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics no matter where you are going to work in the world you will come across a multitude of individual differences and preferences. An individual difference does not affect the individual alone, but everyone around them in an organization. In an organization, there is no way an individual can be treated the same way as the other employees because everyone’s personality is difference. Personal differences and preference in organizations also demonstrate the standard of ethics held by those shaping the culture — whether that standard is articulated in an ethics manual or deduced from behavior, or made visible in the gap between the two. Think of an organization as another ‘being’ with its own set of ethics, which may or may not coincide with each employee’s ethics. While it’s true that organizations are run by people, organizational cultures (and market standards) often seem to take on a life of their own, thus influencing or regulating the behavior of the vast majority of people in them. Interestingly, in an InformationWeek Research survey of 250 Information-Technology and business professionals, only 54-percent say they have a personal code for evaluating the ethical and moral implications of business decisions. Of those who do, 67-percent say it’s based on their company’s code of conduct; only personal experience polled higher (70%). Other studies show that more and more  companies are appointing ethics officers, while high percentages of their employees say they routinely observe unethical behavior at work and are fearful of reporting it. 2. Discuss how organizational policies and procedures can impact ethics. Organizational policies and procedures can impact ethics because good they should be developed and based on good moral ethics. It is an organizations expectation that its employees will know the policies and abide by them. Organizational policies and procedures are usually depending on a guide of company. A guide communicates to the employees witch considered right or wrong. He or she often plays a positive role to make a strong company in ethics and behavior. However, it can also have a negative effect on employees’ behavior which follows organizational ethics. For example, most of the companies create organizational policies and procedures which help employees to do the right decisions. This kind of companies which have organizational policies inspires their employees to do better work and as a result they get a higher position in performance and profits. Also this method make employees make there goals what they planned to rich however all these benefits strengthen the relationship between the organization and all those involved directly or indirectly to its activities. On the other hand, some time in companies you meet people who try to involved organizational politics and procedures, and this kind of personality is a problem for organization. It is because they think organizational politics and procedures of company don’t impact in their personality. Individuals like this can eventually bring a company to bankruptcy. For instance, an employee that does not agree with a company’s policy on property rights may decide to communicate confidential information to a competitor. In brief, organizational policies and procedures are important for any company. It will help managers to do the job and employees will make right decisions. 3. Discuss the ethical dilemmas that Valerie is facing. Valeria Young was a marketing manager at an international cosmetics and fragrance company Wisson. Valerie did not have a U.S. green card, only a special working visa, which allows non–U.S. citizens with unique skills to work in this country for a certain amount of time. Also, the company which she was work on it sponsored her for master degree in Chicago University. The ethical dilemma what Valeria had been facing in Wisson that while she was working there, and she discovered that her boss had been receiving kickbacks from the two fragrance companies around $35.000. This situation was stressful for her because she didn’t know what the right decision. She asked herself should she sacrifice her carrier, education, status, and her coworkers’ future for unethical behavior of her boss. The decision she made would influence her co-workers lives as well as her own. What about ethics? The manager of company Wisson Lionel Waters was a constant example of how not to be ethical in handling business and employees. Instead of being a leader who would help activate ethics mindfulness in others, he was the polar opposite. Some time he canceled meetings or did not show up at all, some of the company’s money was spent for his own good. Waters had never care about his employees or their jobs, all what was he care about it his own successes. To know all of this it was a hard decision for Valeria, she wished she had never seen those papers. It would have been much easier for her to continue her work as usual. 4. Recommend what Valerie should do. Valerie situation is reminding me of immigrants and international students like me. I consider myself to strong ethical person, but if I will in the same situation like she was, I probably will do the same thing. The ethical dilemmas that Valerie was facing were not only about right or wrong, but her decision would affect her job security, interpersonal relations at work, immigration status including her stay in the country, career development including education advancement, promotion, and economic conditions.

Introduction Autism Essay - 2135 Words

Introduction Autism is on the rise. Many researchers feel the reasons isn’t because there are more kids being afflicted with it, but the increased public awareness has allowed this disorder to be more easily recognized and diagnosed at a earlier age. The word â€Å"autism† was first used by a Swiss psychiatrist Eugene Bleuler in an article written in the American Journal of Insanity in 1912. It comes from the Greek word meaning self. Bleuler used it to describe the schizophrenic’s seeming difficulty in connecting with others (â€Å"Autism†). It wasn’t until 1943 when the classification of autism was introduced by Dr. Leo Kanner. Dr. Kanner, a psychiatrist from John Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, reported on eleven child patients†¦show more content†¦Repetitive behaviors like head banging and repetitive routines are consistent for individuals with autism. If the routine is disturbed, he or she screams and throws a temper tantrum (Wing, 24). Like their need for consistency in routines, autistics also need and demand absolute consistency in their environment. Changes in their environment cause them to act negatively (â€Å"Autism†). And individual with autism has a different sensory system than normal people, the stimulations are affected differently. For example, they have oversensitivity to light and this oversensitivity may cause seizures (â€Å"Autism†). At least one quarter of children with autism have an epilectic seizure before they become an adult. Other behaviors that may occur are high levels or anxiety, odd fears (ex. of color or shape), and emotions that change from one extreme to the other (Wing 31+; Siegel 49). A common myth about autistic individuals is that they cannot show affection (â€Å"Defining Autism†). Autistics show affection, but they are very precise about who they show affection to. They have to be very comfortable with this person and their affection they show is not li ke normal children’s. The affection is a brief hug or something simple. On reason they do not show affection is they simply do not seek parental attention. As an infant the autistic child may have appeared very calm and not cried very often (â€Å"Autism†). Even though these childrenShow MoreRelatedIntroduction To Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )931 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Autism have been recognized as in existence since the 1940s but only in recent years it has been recognised under the standardized psychiatric diagnostic classification schemes. It is not unusual for people with ASD to be at risk of displaying challenging behaviours which could lead to offending behaviours, however, on the other hand they can also be at lower risk as they find rules helpful in surviving in the social world. This paper will look at whatRead More An Introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay2308 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism spectrum disorder has become the most common neurological and developmental disorder diagnosed in children today. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) estimate that 1 out of every 88 American children have been properly diagnosed. There is no known cure for autism, and the inconsistencies of the symptoms of autism in each case make it difficult to target a particular set of effective treatments. However some behaviorRead MoreIntroduction. Managing Autism Can Be A Challenge To Cope1397 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Managing autism can be a challenge to cope with in any family with-out understanding ASD. In the article, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Catherine Lord explains autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, as a neurodevelopmental syndrome that is defined by deficits in social reciprocity and communication, and by unusual restricted, repetitive disorder (2000. P355). Parenting a child on the autism spectrum is difficult for any parent who is uneducated about the specific disorder their child is facedRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1369 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Introduction I don t think people understand how unique children with Autism are or the demands of caring for a child with Autism is. In order to grasp the effect of this disability has on a child or their family it is important to understand the characteristics of a child living with Autism. So for you to understand I will be talking about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Autism in a childs life. I will be talking about what autism is, the history and descriptionRead MoreEssay about The Etiology of Autism1313 Words   |  6 Pagesof 1 in 110 children have an autism spectrum disorder, â€Å"ASD† (Nirv, Shah 2011). According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, up to six out of every 1,000 children may be diagnosed with some form of autism. In addition, boys are four times more likely than girls to have autism. This means that as many as 1.5 million Americans today are believed to have some form of autism. Unfortunately, the numbers appear to be increasing rapidly. Autism is a disability that frequentlyRead MoreAutism And Childhood Of Autism Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Conceivably the utmost prolifically explored of all youth psychiatric disorders, Autism continues to be a captivating condition. The conception and description of the disorder has evolved significantly over time leaving some philosophies once held with principle to later verify to be unproven. Scientists and clinicians have provided the highest influences to the understanding of the illness, however, history does illustrate countless teachings and initial interpretations of a possibleRead MoreOutline Of A Social Awareness1691 Words   |  7 Pagespaperrater.com/ Topic: Autism Introduction Attention getter: Autism affects every 1 in 68 children; It is one of the fastest growing developmental disorders in the u.s (Facts about Autism. Autism Speaks. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2016. Minor details about the issue Autism FAQ - History. Autism FAQ - History. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2016. . history Thesis: BodyX3 Topic sentence: The definition/ characteristic Autism Characteristics. List of Autism Characteristics. N.p., nRead MoreThe Link Between Autism And Autism1580 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction There have been several controversies regarding the cause of autism over the years. For example, the main cause was assumed by some to be bad parenting. Today, however, there is general agreement that the symptoms of autism, with the exception of those of abandoned children, are a behavioral response by young children to an organic disease affecting their brains. In fact, it is now generally understood that autism is a complex developmental syndrome representing a heterogeneous groupRead MoreEssay about Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Theories of Vygotsky1423 Words   |  6 Pagespast decade has acknowledged the impacts of characteristics and life-functioning for individuals on the autism spectrum. Models of support or interventions strategies have been researched but little, or limited practical or resourced models appeared as accessible for families of older youth. The intention of this research paper was to investigate a specific activity group for youth on the autism spectrum. The group runs concurrently with a parent group and is funded through a respite funding provisionRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder. Like many other psychological disorders, it is commonly misunderstood in popular culture. Many allude to it casually, often equating it with crippling social awkwardness and disability when it is in fact a spectrum disorder with many degrees of severity. It is somewhat of an enigma within the scientific community as well; there are many things we do not know about ASD and there is ongoing research to learn more

An Impact Assessment of Science and Technology Policy on...

AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA BY ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI October, 2 0 0 4 ii AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA BY ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI (MATRICULATION NO. 3081) A Dissertation Submitted to St. Clements University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of Doctor of Philosophy in Management St. Clements University October, 2004 iii DECLARATION I declare that this Dissertation is an output of my own research endeavours. In pursuant of this research work, concerted efforts were made to duly acknowledge through bibliography, all sources of data and information used. However, in case of inadvertent†¦show more content†¦It is pertinent to acknowledge with deep sense of appreciation the cooperation received from Directors in the Federal Ministry of Science and Technology and Director Generals, Directors and Chief Executive Officers of Research Institutes in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Environment, Health and Science and Technology who kindly responded and completed the questionnaires used for this study. To all my esteemed Directors in the Raw Materials Research and Development Council, Dr. D. B. Ayo, Dr. Ado. K. Abdullahi, Dr. L. E. Nsa, Mr. B. A. Adegbesan, Prince R. N. Ihenacho and Dr. H. D. Ibrahim, I wish to express my appreciation for their high sense of responsibility, concern and unflinching support throughout my tenure in the Council and their encouragement and professional advise during this study. To other Management staff, I deeply appreciate your support. This study would not have been accomplished without the significant contributions of my Academic Adviser, Professor David Iornem who inspired and encouraged me even when I expressed doubt of my ability to complete the study due to my busy schedule. I also, acknowledged the immense contributions of my Project Supervisor, Dr. Gabriel U. Moti of University of Abuja who painstakingly read through my work and offered useful suggestions that led to the successful completion of the study. viii The role played by Mr. K. B. Ajoku cannot be overemphasized. His immeasurableShow MoreRelatedInformation and Communication Technology as Bedrock of the Nation13285 Words   |  54 PagesThis revised policy underlines the desired need for appropriate cutting-edge technologies that will propel the country through and beyond the 21st century. This vision policy is therefore designed to underpin the nation’s socio-economic progress and development. It emphasizes the need for a coherent, systematic and comprehensive approach to the determination of technological programmes and their implementation taking into account domestic productions in agriculture and rural development, food securityRead MoreChronic Poverty in Nigeria Essay1864 Words   |  8 Pagesaccepted standard of living in a specific society at a specific time(Gray and Moseley 2005). The various views of poverty by different scholars is seen on the basis of development of various economies but in this discuss, focus will be on chronic micro poverty of individual and household and ho w they persist in developing countries (Nigeria). Chronic micro poverty includes individual and household within the society who have minimal or no prospect for economic and social mobility and are structurallyRead MoreThe Role of Technology in National Development2121 Words   |  9 PagesThe Role of Technology in National Development Emmanuel O. Egbogah Executive Chairman Emerald Energy Resources F rom the beginning of time, man has strived to improve his way and quality of life. The caveman discovered how to make and use tools, developed a logical sequence for activities, and evolved processes that added value to his life. The totality of the use and application of his knowledge, skills, tools, and materials constitutes what we today describe as â€Å"technology.† If naturalRead MoreFactors Affecting Sustainable Women Education in Nigeria4914 Words   |  20 Pages FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE WOMEN EDUCATION IN NIGERIA BY IHEANYI N. OKWAKPAM Department of Adult and Continuing Education, Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Email:iokwakpam@yahoo.com Abstract This paper attempts to establish the factors that affect sustainable women education in Nigeria. The paper found out that non-participation of women in education programmes was as a result of some limiting factors and proffers solutions to such. Introduction ItRead MoreAn Evaluation and Forecast of the Impact of Fdi in Nigerias Agricultural Sector in a Var Enviroment6775 Words   |  28 PagesJournal of Economics and Sustainable Development ISSN 2222-1700 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2855 (Online) Vol.4, No.10, 2013 www.iiste.org An Evaluation and Forecast of the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria’s Agriculture Sector in A VAR Environment Ayodeji Adetunji Idowu* Liu Ying Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province  · 430070  · P.R. China * E-mail of the corresponding author: ayodeji.idowu@hotmail.com The research is financedRead MoreThe Impact of Agricultural Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria18675 Words   |  75 PagesAgricultural Economics of Nigeria: Paradoxes and Crossroads of Multimodal Nature Professor Eric C. Eboh Professor of Agricultural Economics University of Nigeria CONTENTS 1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2 2.0 CONCEPTUAL APPROACH OF THIS INAUGURAL LECTURE 6 REFLECTIONS ON THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY 8 3.0 4.0 5.0 AGRICULTURE FROM THE LOOKING GLASS OF MAN’S ECONOMIC HISTORY 16 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY FROM PARADIGMATIC VIEWPOINTS ABOUT THE STATE VIS-A-VIS MARKET 21 6.0 NIGERIAN AGRICULTURERead MoreEffect of Ict on the Academic Performance of Students8894 Words   |  36 PagesInformation and communication technology (ICT) is an instructional technology to enhance teaching and learning in pre schools, it is the application of organized or scientific knowledge to practical tasks of teaching and learning in pre-schools. According to Akinola and Aremu, (2000) instructional technologies incorporate the tools and making present support to reinforce teaching and learning on pre schools pupils. Technology is this respect involves broad based technology including it methods, managementRead MoreSocio Economic Impact of Hiv and Aids to Nigerian Economy4501 Words   |  19 Pageswww.ccsenet.org/gjhs Global Journal of Health Science Vol. 4, No. 1; January 2012 The Effects of HIV/AIDS Scourge on Production and Income among Rural Households in Adamawa State of Nigeria Iya, I. B., Purokayo, S. G., Gabdo Yusuf Department of Economics Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria Received: October 12, 2011 doi:10.5539/gjhs.v4n1p245 Abstract The paper investigates the determinants and the impact of HIV/AIDS on households in Adamawa State. 120 respondents affected with HIV/AIDSRead MoreImpact of Electronic Banking System in Nigeria. a Critical Appraisal of Unity Bank Plc13433 Words   |  54 PagesTHE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN NIGERIA BANKING SYSTEM (CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF UNITY BANK PLC) BY OLORUNSEGUN SHITTU BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LADOKE AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OGBOMOSO, OYO STATE NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) FINANCE SEPTEMBER, 2010 1 CERTIFICATION This project with the title â€Å"The Impact of ElectronicRead MoreAN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE MINING SECTOR IN NIGERIA15805 Words   |  64 Pagesï » ¿ABSTRACT This study attempted to estimate the environmental impact of Foreign Direct Investment in the mining sector in Nigeria. It is argued that only those countries that have reached a certain income level can absorb new technologies and benefit from technology diffusion, and thus reap the extra advantages that FDI can offer. The mining industry in Nigeria is dominated by oil. Indeed, Nigeria is the largest producer of this commodity in Africa and sixth largest producers in the world. This research

Communication in American Literature Essay example

American literature has changed since the industrial revolution. As a child matures into an adult, so has American literature grown to include the problems faced in reality. The word â€Å"fiction† transformed from the fairy tales of romanticism to the reality of realism in America. Authors such as: Clemens, Howells, Chopin, Eliot, Faulkner, and Anderson have all assisted the move from dreams to reality. Dramatists O’neill and Miller have written plays that have changed the way social circumstances are viewed by Americans. Americans, as portrayed by American writers, have been plagued with an inability to communicate feelings through speech, yet from the industrial revolution to post second World War, American writers have†¦show more content†¦I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: ‘All right, then, I’ll go to hell’†(Clemens 168). The dilemma of whether to turn in a runaway slave grips Huckâ€℠¢s heart, and like most all human beings the struggle is not put into words to others, but is sounded silently within. Clemens understood realism, and placed an emphasis on a social issue burning hot in his day. He took a fictional character and gave him a mind, and let the audience, the reader, view his expression of communication within himself. Words communicate thoughts, yet thoughts in fictional realism are the expressions of characters that cannot express their thoughts into words. Clemens barely scratched the surface depicting the problems with communicating in America. W.D. Howells, a realist, focused his works on the here and now, the immediacy of time, and critical social issues. In Howells’ text’s, human beings are exposed as creatures of thought, not expression. Alan Trachtenburg, author of The Incorporation of America, spoke of Howells as a writer who was notorious for â€Å"creating fictions of fact rather than fable† (202). Trachtenburg also quotes Howells as saying, â€Å"Realists want to know the world as it really is, to create a world of fiction congruent with ‘real life’†(184). Howell’s realism depicts characters unable to communicate their feelings and feeling unfulfilled in their attempts to express themselves. InShow MoreRelatedThe Dangers Of Early Sexual Activities848 Words   |  4 Pages The United States has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates, with the highest group beginning the Hispanic American community. To what degree are the parents involved in communicating to their teenage girls about sex, and are they providing the proper information to help protect their teenage daughters from pregnancies and STD’s? Academically this issue will continue to be examined, so that we can learn to help educate young teen students about the dangers of early sexual activities and howRead MoreEssay on Modernism at Its Finest in Literature756 Words   |  4 Pagesthe twentieth century, literature changed and focused on breaking away from the typical and predicate patterns of normal literature. Poets at this time took full advantage and stretched the idea of the mind’s conscience on how the world, mind, and language interact and contradict. Many authors, such as Fitzgerald, Steinbeck, and Twain, used the pain and anguish in first hand experiences to create and depict a new type of literature, modernism. In this time era, literature and art bec ame a largerRead MoreLearning Competencies1019 Words   |  5 Pagesappreciate the melody, rhythm, and lyrics of award winning songs used as musical themes in movies SPEAKING 1. Give a persuasive talk on an issue adjusting one ¶s rate/volume of speaking and register to suit the topic, audience, and setting in a communication situation 1.1 Use pausing and a slow rate of speech to signal important points in one ¶s talk 1.2 Use explicit signals (e.g.  ³This is important «Ã‚ ´) to underscore or highlight a point in one ¶s talk 17 2. Express needs, opinions, feelingsRead MoreQuestions On Managerial Cultural Intelligence1232 Words   |  5 Pagescompared to the existing literature. Research objective 1: To investigate the CQ level of the managers according to the four factors model and to define how their previous international background influences their CQ. 4.1. Managerial cultural intelligence Metacognitive component. This component refers to the ability to adapt behavior to the situation and to acquire cultural knowledge. Almost all managers use consciously their cultural knowledge in cross-cultural communication, they travel a lot andRead MoreUnderstanding the Convergence of Media Systems and Political Communication in the U.S. and Western Europe1054 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding the Convergence of Media Systems and Political Communication in the U.S. and Western Europe A powerful trend is clearly underway in the direction of greater similarity in the way the public sphere is structured across the world. In their products, in their professional practices and cultures, in their systems of relationships with other political and social institutions, media systems across the world are becoming increasingly alike. Political systems, meanwileRead MoreThe American Of American Literature1425 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican literature is the literature written or produced in the area of the United States and its receding colonies. American literature as a whole is the written literary work, and the new England colonies were the center of early American literature. American drama attained international status only in the 1920s and 1930s, with the works of Eugene O’Neil, who won four Pulitzer prizes and the Noble prize. During the Middle of the 20th century, American drama was dominated by the works of eminentRead MoreAnalysis: The Benefits and Challenges of Improving Intercultural Communication912 Words   |  4 Pageschallenges of improving intercultural communication in international business. Their article functions as an overview of some key issues, and is fairly well-researched, but ultimately treads no new ground. The article first outlines the case for improved intercultural communication, noting that business is becoming increasingly globalized. As nations come together, there is the risk that ventures and deals could fail as the result of errors in intercultural communication. The authors note, however, thatRead MoreFilm Analysis: Sweet Nothing in My Ear1011 Words   |  5 Pagesdeaf, and her father is basically prejudiced against the hearing culture. The main characters in the story with communication disabilities are Laura and her son Adam. Laura and Adam are both deaf. Both of them were born hearing, and then over time lost it. When someone is deaf, it means that the person can’t hear at all. One of the ways that deaf people communicate is by using American Sign Language, which is where a person uses gestures to communicate with others. Another part of deaf culture isRead MoreThe Culture Of Latin America Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction and Background The culture of Latin America is multi-faceted and rich. More than 300 million Spanish speakers reside in Latin America and are spread across a vast geographic region; this makes it tough at times to explain Latin American culture. Though, there are some living standards and ways of observing life which is in common all over the majority of the area. Latin America comprises of 21 main countries. Major languages spoken in Latin America are French, Portuguese, and SpanishRead MoreCriticism And Analysis Of Puddn Head Wilson 800 Words   |  4 Pages Criticism and Analysis of Puddn’head Wilson In American history, we have good authors, great authors and some bad. One of the most famous authors and probably the greatest that everyone has heard of is Mark Twain. Twain was an American author and humorist in American Literature. Twain was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835. In his first writing, he adopted his pen-name from a well-known call of the man sounding the river in shallow places. In 1861 he went to Carson City, Nevada,

Makiing Reqruitment Decision For University â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Makiing Reqruitment Decision For University? Answer: Introducation Fly scot airline is a commercial airline operating in Singapore and internationally and is owned by the Singapore Airlines which has 62 destinations that it flies to. This airplane has five classes in which its clients can travel into; suites, first class, business, economy, and premium. It operates other airlines and is owned majorly by the government of Singapore. It has many employees working under it and have even come up with girls empowerment programs called Scoot Girls that ensures equal rights is given to both genders. Employees are assets to fly scoot without whom; no business can be conducted(Bohlander, 2009). It is therefore important for a fly scoot to have a human resource manager to ensure that the welfare of the employees is catered for and that they fulfill their duties and obligations to the company(Collings, 2009). The human resource has different managerial and operational functions he performs in the management of the company, i.e., Managerial duties Administrative duties Planning Organizing Directing controlling operation functions procurement services development maintenance compensation The human resource manager (HRM) help an organization to achieve its goals and is also involved in the employment of employees. The HRM organizes the recruitment and selection of these employees based on their qualifications on the job description the company is looking for. For this process to be a success, there is a process to be followed(Bohlander, 2009). Job Analysis The HRM is required to define all the requirements needed for the position that new employees are required, the nature of the job, skills need, duties and responsibilities of the employee(Collings, 2009). It is important to identify all these elements before hiring to find the fittest candidate to occupy the position. It will also help determine the type of training to be offered to employees should need to arise. Candidates are also able to understand what is required of them before applying for the position(Ash, 1980). Job analysis is significant for assisting people in building their professions and to help associations develop their employees to maximize their talents(Hall, 2005). The result of job analysis are the impacts in outlining in getting the hang of, creating performance and enhancing processes. The utilization of job analysis methods makes the implicit assumption that information about a given occupation as it may be used to create programs to enlist, prepare, and select individuals that meet their criteria. For a job description to be considered legal, it must be in writing. Key elements that should be discussed in it are; Skills Knowledge Abilities Duties Qualifications Impact of position Salary consideration Physical requirements There are two approaches used in job analysis(Mohammed. H. Z., 2004); Task-oriented This technique concentrates on the actual activity engaged in performing work. This system takes into consideration work, obligations and duties. The HRM the creates task statements that unmistakably express the workloads to be executed with precision. Work-oriented This technique aims at the attributes that an individual need to carry out his duties successfully. These attributes are skills, knowledge and other different attributes that the person portrays. This information acquired by the HRM are evaluated according to the importance of frequency. In Fly scoot, should the company need a financial accountant(FA), the HRM will prepare a job description that states the requirement needed. For an instant, the FA is required to make a financial statement every year, budgets and tax payment. He is also expected to meet deadlines on time, be a quick decision maker and familiarize himself with all rules and requirements in the company(Collings, 2009). JOB DESCRIPTION This is a statement that describes a particular job after findings by the job analyst. It has the duties, obligations, scope and the working state, job title, name of the executive that the employee reports back to(Collings, 2009). The job description for a financial accountant; Fly scoot Airline is searching for an experienced financial accountant to oversee financials and participate in the preparation of financial and other statements. He should have a degree in accounting and other significant work understanding; you will guarantee that all of our bookkeeping agree to the law and our companys ventures. Responsibilities Tax management and payment Predict and forecast expenses and incomes Oversee internal audits Budget for the company Participate in the monthly, quietly and yearly financial activities Prepare financial statements Make stocktaking processes to determine the businesss assets Requirements Degree in accounting and other business course certificates will be an added advantage Familiar with all final requirements and regulations Meet deadlines Is time oriented Confidentiality Teamwork skills Desire to learn from others Excellent in solving math problems knowledge and expertise in Microsoft, especially excel. However, job analysis may be vied as a block to some circumstance; Expectations may not be suitable for senior directors as they ought to have the flexibility to step up and find new directions Set of responsibilities might be excessively inflexible in a quick evolving organization Different changes in work may prompt the expected set of responsibilities to be outdated The process that a business uses to create the job descriptions may not be ideal. Job Specification This are skills, ability, knowledge and education that an individualneeds to perform specific jobs. It is created once the job analysis is done and a detailed job description has been written. Its, main objective is to describe in extreme details the type of skills an individual should have in order to perform tasks and job required by a firm. Job specification often known by; knowledge, skills, ability and other characteristics, also known as KSAO. For a FA accountant to be hired in Fly Scoot, he must show the following KSAO skills, Knowledge-a financial account must have knowledge in accounting theories, rules and regulations. He must have a degree in accounting and other business certifications are an additional plus. Skills-an accountant must have skills in performing accounting tasks, have skills in Microsoft excel and other systems that the company uses and have the skills in book and record keeping Ability-FA should be able to make sound decisions even when under pressure, he should be patient and meet deadlines. Other characteristics-FA should be friendly with other employees and should have good communication skills, he should maintain a healthy relationship with everyone in the company and be mature while solving conflicts in the workplace. Accountants are regulated by laws like International Accounting Standards, International Accounting Standards Boards, FAAB and ISA among others. For an individual to be a recognized FA, he must be registered with CPA bodies so as to work as a recognized and legal FA. It is therefore important for HRM at Fly Scoot to ensure an individual has the above skills and abilities, and is legally permitted to work as a financial accountant before hiring them. Also this helps the HRM in deciding the best candidate for the position in FA since some may not have qualified for that position. This is the process of looking for qualified employees and encourage them to apply for positions in a company. Recruitment may also take place when a corporation is taking in workers that are not paid, egg, attached, interns or volunteers(Frankilin, 2005). It gives a company with a pool of candidates that they can pick from. Before recruitment takes place, the organization should decide on what number of employees are needed. There are three types of recruitment needs(Ash, 1980); Planned needs- this is an organized plan and decides to hire new employees due to arising issues, egg, retirement of some employees Anticipated need-arises when a company hires because they anticipate future changes in the business world trends. Unexpected needs arise when unplanned happening occur, death, and may affect the company if there is no immediate replacement. Objectives of recruitment in an organization include Search for qualified people e to work for the company Attract qualified candidates to the company Introduce fresh blood to the company To add outsiders to new perspectives about the organization. There are different strategies and policies that Fly Scoot may apply to ensure that they attract only qualified candidates to fill the position in the firm. Direct method This approach includes scouting, and it involves promotion of existing employees to higher positions instead of hiring new people. This method is cost effective since the candidates are already familiar with the organization's routines and no training will be needed(Schneider, 1989). However, it limits Fly scoot from introducing new ideas in which may slow down its development External sourcing This occurs when the company requires people from outside the enterprise. It is more suitable for Fly scoot since only the best will qualify for the FA position(Hall, 2005). The recruit will also come up with new ideas that may be beneficial to the company since they are more than willing to show off their skills. This also an advantage to the country since the level of unemployment is reduced. However, it is expensive since these recruits will require being trained and the process of hiring also incurs a lot of expenses and time. Third party sourcing This is the poaching of employees from other organizations they are working in(Darling, 2007). The employees are offered better pay and other benefits for them to move from their current jobs to other. This method is an advantage to the company because only qualified employees are hired, and they introduce their ideas to the enterprise(Greiner, 1998). However, these employees cannot be trusted since, should they find a better paying job, they will leave the company. They cannot be relied upon to work in the organization for long also. For Fly scoot, the best approach to use is the external sourcing method. This will ensure only qualified candidates are employed and that new ideas may be introduced to the company. The company will also participate in the reduction of unemployment rates in the country with benefits both the state and company whole nations as well(Collings, 2009). The HRM will also be able to interact with the candidate before hiring them beforehand, during the selection period. This creates a rapport between the two which the HRM may utilize during his decision-making about the candidate. Once recruitment process is completed, selection takes place(Greiner, 1998). This is the actual choosing of the most qualified candidate to work for the organization and weed out the unqualified candidates. The major objectives of selection are Verifying of information needed by the candidate Establishing a mutual understanding with the candidate Introduce the employee to facts about the organization and the job. There are different techniques that the HRM may use to select the best candidate. These techniques are: Interviews This is a method where the employer interrogates and questions the candidate face-to-face, listens to every answer, observe the candidate while he answers those questions and finally making his decisions based on the interview(Bohlander, 2009)w Referencing In this case, the employer contacts the candidates references and asks a question about the candidate. Depending on the responses given by these referees, the company may choose, whether or not to hire the candidate(Hartley, 1999). Evaluation An employer may decide to hire a candidate just by looking at his paper qualifications and whether he meets the requirements set.(Greiner, 1998) Selection testing An employer may choose to test a candidate by presenting them with skills and tasks that they need to perform. If the work is done to the companys satisfaction level, he may decide to hire the candidate(Collings, 2009). The best technique an HRM at Fly scoot may utilize is the interview technique. Different types of interviews may be used(Mohammed. H. Z., 2004): Informal This is not a planned interview and may take place anywhere. It is used when there is no time for planning one. Formal This is a pre-planned interview where the employee is notified beforehand. The employer also prepares a set of questions that he will be asking the candidate. Structured This is an interview where questions are preparing beforehand, and the employer may ask them following a certain procedure or cycle. Unstructured Questions are asked randomly, and the candidate can answer each question freely Panel More than one member conducts this type of interview, and questions can be asked randomly by different interviewers. Stress In this interview, the candidate is placed under pressure. This is mainly used when the work involved may cause one to be stressed or, may require the employee to experience horrible experiences. For a compelling interview to be conducted, the following process is to undertake: Preparation of interview Preparation of place of doing interview Conduction of the interview Closing of interview Evaluation of results An organization is required to follow the employment legislation also when employing employees(Ash, 1980). These laws protect employees from discrimination of race, age or even nationality. HRM should monitor the overall performance of employees and find solutions to conflicts that may arise. HRM should also implement guidance and policies that the employee is required to follow during the employment period(Huffcut, 1994). Fly scoot should utilize the recruitment and selection approaches and strategies to ensure that only the most qualified candidate is selected to occupy a position in their company. HRM should also introduce factors that he may use to motivate working employees without supervision(Hartley, 1999). Activities like reward giving should be used to encourage the hired employees to work efficiently and be innovative in their workstations. They should, however, follow laws and regulations to avoid penalties by the law. References Ash, R. A. (1980). A framework for evaluating job analysis methods. Personal psychology, 57, 53-59. Bohlander, G. . (2009). Managing human resource. Independence Cengage Learning. Collings, D. G. (2009). Human resource management: a critical approach. London: Routledge. Darling, P. (2007). Disability in the workplace. Business NH magazine, 24(8), 28. Frankilin, M. (2005). Guide to job analysis. American Society for training and development. Greiner, L. (1998). Evolution and revolution as organization grow. Harvard Business Review. Hall, T. . (2005). Personal management: A new approach. Prentice hall international. Hartley, D. E. (1999). Job analysis at the speed of reality. Amherst, Mass: HRD press. Huffcut, A. I. (1994). Hunter and Hunter revisited: interview validity for entry-level jobs. Journal of applied psychology, 79, 184-190. Klerck, G. (2009). Industrial relations and human resource management. In G. D. G. Collins Wood, Human resource management: A critical approach (pp. 238-259). London: Roultledge. Merkle, J. A. (2003). Management and ideology. California: University of Califonia Press. Mohammed. H. Z., W. Y. (2004). Makiing the reqruitment decision for fresh university graduates: A study of employment in an industrial organization. International Journal of management and decision making, 380-402. Muchinsky, P. (2012). Psychology applied to work. Summerfield, N klu C: Hypergraphic Press. Schneider, B. K. (1989). Strategic job analysis. Hum. Resour. Manage., 28, 51-